Web technology overview

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With the figure you can have an idea of how is the architecture of the Web Applications.

Web applications.png


We highlight:

  • Client-Server architecture
    • Server: stores the data and processes the core application
    • Client: the browser renders the graphical part a.k.a. GUI: Graphical User Interface
  • Native applications (compiled) are faster in execution than scripts (interpreted by another intermediate application such as Apache).
  • Web 1.0 paradigm just uses HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) in client-side (server uses several programming languages as Perl or PHP).
  • With Web 2.0 come the RIA: Rich Internet Applications, using AJAX technologies in client-side.
  • AJAX is a group of technologies that means Asynchronous Javascript and XML. Makes the client possible rich GUI applications.
  • PHP scripting language means PHP Hypertext Preprocessor (recursive definition)
  • Web applications (server-side) use to communicate to the MySQL database to store data (red line).
  • Client access to web applications via port 80 of the network (blue line).
  • Web server applications:
    • Apache: free software web server, the more used in all the world web servers.
    • IIS: Internet Information Server (Microsfot). Supports ASP.NET advanced language.
    • Lighttpd: (pronunced lighty) last-generation web server used in servers with high load.
  • 2 paradigms of server-side web applications:
    • Script-based: Apache (web server app) executes the scripts in PHP, CGI, etc.
    • Stand-alone: applications that doesn't need a web server. The usual example are applications using Python using Django framework (need a Python interpreter though). Google products are based in that technology and have better security than Apache or IIS based ones.